Climatic Regions of India (based on Koeppens Scheme)

The classification of climate,is a complex exercise. There are different schemes of classification of climate. Major climatic types of India based on Koeppen’s scheme.Koeppen based his scheme of Climatic classification on monthly values of temperature and precipitation.

He identified five major climatic types, namely:
(i)Tropical climates, where mean monthly temperature throughout the year is over 18°C.
(ii)Dry climates, where precipitation is very low in comparison to temperature, and hence, dry. If dryness is less, it is  semi- arid (S); if it is more, the climate is arid(W).
(iii)Warm temperate climates, where mean temperature of the coldest month is between 18°C and minus 3°C.
(iv) Cool temperate  climates, where mean temperature of  the warmest month is over 10°C, and mean temperature of the coldest month is under minus 3°C.
(v)Ice climates, where mean temperature of the warmest month is under 10°C.

Koeppen used letter symbols to denote climatic types as given above. Each type is further sub-divided into sub-types on the basis of seasonal variations in the distributional pattern of rainfall and
temperature. He used S for semi-arid and W for arid and the following small letters to define sub-types: f (sufficient precipitation), m (rain forest despite a dry monsoon season), w (dry season in winter), h (dry and hot), c (less than four months with mean temperature over 10°C), and g (Gangetic plain). Accordingly, India can be divided into eight climatic regions.

Study detailed Koeppens Classification: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification


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