India - Structure & Physiographic Divisions (Overview)

India -  Structure
 Based on geological history, India is divided into three regions. The regions are:
o  The Peninsular Block;
o  The Himalayas & other Peninsular Mountains; and
o  Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain.

  The Peninsular Block is formed essentially by a great complex of very ancient
gneisses and granites. The Peninsular Block mostly consists of relicts and residual mountains like the
Aravali hills, the Nallamala hills, the Javadi hills, the Veliconda hills, the Palkonda
range, the Mahendragiri hills, etc.

  Unlike the rigid and stable Peninsular Block, the Himalayan Mountains are
young, weak, and flexible in their geological structure.

  Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain  comprises the plains formed by the river
Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. In fact, Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain is a geo-synclinal depression,  which attained its maximum development during the third phase of the Himalayan
mountain formation, approximately about 64 million years ago.

Physiography  
India’s physiography is divided into six following regions:

  1. o  The Northern and Northeastern Mountains 
  2. o  The Northern Plain 
  3. o  The Peninsular Plateau 
  4. o  The Indian Desert 
  5. o  The Coastal Plains 
  6. o  The Islands. 

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