IMPORTANT TRIBAL GROUPS OF INDIA

   India has the largest concentration of the tribal population among the countries in the world, next only to Africa, according to Ratha (1986:01). According to 2011 Census, the total tribal population is less  than 9% of  the country’s  total population. The majority of  the tribal population is found in the Eastern, Central  and Western regions of  India. They are mostly backward, deprived and oppressed sections of Indian society. The tribal economy can be termed as a subsistence economy or a primitive economy. A large number of tribes are still dependent on cultivation, food gathering and fruit collecting exercises for their survival. They are at the lowest rung of national development in India. 

Article 342(1) provides that the President may with respect to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State after consultation with the Govern or thereof by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of a group or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the purpose of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union Territory as the case may be. Parliament may by law  include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes specified in a notification issued under Clause (1) any tribe or tribal community or part or group within any tribe or tribal  community. Religion is not a bar in the case  of Scheduled Tribes. 

List of Tribal Groups in India 

Tribes
Regions
Abors
 Arunachal Pradesh
Aptanis
 Arunachal Pradesh
Badagas
 Nilgiri (TN)
Baiga
 Madhya Pradesh
Bhils
 Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, some in Gujarat and Maharashtra
Bhot
 Himachal Pradesh
Bhotias
 Garhwal and Kumaon regions of U. P.
Chakma
 Tripura
Chenchus
 Andhra Pradesh, Orissa
Gaddis
 Himachal Pradesh
Garos
 Meghalaya
Gonds
 Madhya Pradesh. Also in Bihar, Orissa and A.P.
Gujjars
 Himachal Pradesh, J&K
Jarawas
 Andaman & Nicobar inhabiting Little Andamans
Khas
 Jaunsar-Babar area in U.P.
Khasis
 Assam, Meghalaya
Kol
 Madhya Pradesh
Kotas
 Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu)
Kuki
 Manipur
Lepchas
 Sikkim
Lushais
 Mizoram
Murias
 Bastar (Madhya Pradesh)
Mikirs
 Assam
Mundas
 Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal
Nagas
(Angami, Sema, Ao, Tangkul, Lahora)
 Nagaland, some in Assam and NEFA region.
Oarons (also called Kurukh)
 Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal.
Onges
 Andaman and Nicobar islands
Santals
 Birbhum region in Bengal, Hazaribagh, Purnea in Bihar, Orissa
Sentinelese
 Sentinel Island, Andaman and Nicobar
Shompens
 Andaman and Nicobar
Todas
 Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu)
Uralis
 Kerala
Warlis
 Maharashtra

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

India-Physiography-Northern and Northeastern Mountains

Image
Northern and Northeastern Mountains    The Northern and the Northeastern Mountains consist of the Himalayas and the Northeastern hills.   The Himalayan Ranges  include  the  Greater Himalaya,  Lesser/Middle Himalaya, and the Siwalik Range.   Based on relief, alignment of ranges and other geomorphological features, the Himalayas can be divided into the following sub-divisions:   Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas    Himachal and Uttaranchal Himalayas    Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas    Arunachal Himalayas    Eastern Hills and Mountains.  1) Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas  Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas consist of a series of ranges such as the Karakoram, Ladakh, Zanskar, and Pir Panjal. Important glaciers of South Asia, i.e., the Baltoro and Siachen are found in the Northwestern Himalayan region. The Kashmir Himalayas are also popular for the Karewa formations, which are useful for the cultivation of Zafran, a local variety of saffron. Karewas are the thic
Read more

PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NORTH EAST INDIA

Image
PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NORTH EAST INDIA The North East India region is physiographically not a homogenous unit and the present configuration of this region has taken shape during geologically recent time. But the ultimate result of various geological events took place through the geological past. North East India consists of very ancient Archaean and Shillong series rocks exposed in several parts of the Garo, Khasi, Jaintia and Karbi Hills. These rocks are similar to rocks exposed in the rest of the peninsular in Bengal and Bihar of which this was a part at one geological time. All these old rocks form the basement for very much younger Tertiary sediments in upper Assam.    A large part of this region was a landmass upto the formation of the Himalayas about 2,000 million years ago. Then the eastern part of the Khasi Hills, the Jaintia Hills and the Western pat of the Karbi Hills became a basin of sedimentation in which sandstone and shales of the Shillong series were deposited. Due
Read more

Climatic Regions of India (based on Koeppens Scheme)

Image
The classification of climate,is a complex exercise. There are different schemes of classification of climate. Major climatic types of India based on Koeppen’s scheme.Koeppen based his scheme of Climatic classification on monthly values of temperature and precipitation. He identified five major climatic types, namely: (i)Tropical climates, where mean monthly temperature throughout the year is over 18°C. (ii)Dry climates, where precipitation is very low in comparison to temperature, and hence, dry. If dryness is less, it is  semi- arid (S); if it is more, the climate is arid(W). (iii)Warm temperate climates, where mean temperature of the coldest month is between 18°C and minus 3°C. (iv) Cool temperate  climates, where mean temperature of  the warmest month is over 10°C, and mean temperature of the coldest month is under minus 3°C. (v)Ice climates, where mean temperature of the warmest month is under 10°C. Koeppen used letter symbols to denote climatic types as given above. Each
Read more